ECONOMIC AND MILITARY MOBILIZATION OF THE UNITED STATES DURING WORLD WAR I: POLICIES, CHALLENGES, AND CONSEQUENCES: Samarqand Davlat Tibbiyot Universiteti, Ijtimoiy va gumanitar fanlar kafedrasi, Tarix fanlari doktori (PhD), Tursunova Gavhar taqrizi ostida

Abdug’aniev Bekzod Abduvali o’g’li

Authors

Abdug’aniev Bekzod Abduvali o’g’li Samarkand State Medical University, Teacher of Social and Humanitarian Sciences Department Author

Keywords:

World War I, U.S. Mobilization, War Economy, War Bonds, Selective Service Act, Woodrow Wilson, Keynesian Economics, Treaty of Versailles, Inflation, Federal Reserve.

Abstract

During the period of U.S. neutrality (1914–1917), foreign demand for American products surged, driven by shifting trade routes and wartime necessities. Britain and France, previously reliant on German imports, turned to the United States for essential goods, funding their purchases through gold transfers, loans, and the sale of seized private securities. With U.S. entry into the war, large-scale mobilization became imperative, prompting extensive legislative action, including the establishment of the National Defense Council, the Selective Service Act, and various economic regulations. War financing involved progressive taxation, war bonds, and federal control over key industries. The rapid expansion of the military and aviation sectors significantly impacted the American economy, leading to inflation and unprecedented government intervention. The study also explores the post-war economic repercussions, including the Treaty of Versailles and John Maynard Keynes’ critique of its economic burdens on Germany. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of U.S. economic and military mobilization strategies, highlighting their long-term effects on both domestic and international economic landscapes.

References

1.Keynes, J. M. (1919). The Economic Consequences of the Peace. Macmillan.

2.Link, A. S. (1954). Wilson: The Road to the White House. Princeton University Press.

3.Rockoff, H. (2012). America’s Economic Way of War: War and the U.S. Economy from the Spanish-American War to the Persian Gulf War. Cambridge University Press.

4.Sprague, O. M. W. (1917). Loans and Taxes in War Finance. American Economic Review, 7(1, Supplement), 1–15.

5.U.S. Congress. (1917). War Revenue Act of 1917. Public Law 65-50.

6.Venzon, A. C. (1999). The United States in the First World War: An Encyclopedia. Garland Publishing.

7.Wilson, W. (1918). Fourteen Points Speech. U.S. Government Printing Office