MECHANISM OF CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS AND ITS ROLE IN NEURODEGENERATIVE PROCESSES
Keywords:
Calcium (Ca²⁺), calcium channels, calcium transport, NMDA receptors, polyphenols.Abstract
Calcium (Ca²⁺) plays a key role in regulating neuronal activity, plasticity, and cell survival in the brain. Its transport across the membrane occurs through voltage-gated calcium channels, ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, calcium pumps, and exchangers. Disruptions in calcium homeostasis are associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, can modulate calcium transport, exerting neuroprotective effects. Studying these mechanisms opens new perspectives for developing therapeutic strategies.
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