ABU RAYHAN AL-BIRUNI: GREAT SCHOOLAR OF UZBEKISTAN
Keywords:
prolific scholars, Islamic Golden Age, spanned, astronomy, mathematics, geography, trigonometric, various domain, 15' intervals, the era's contribution, orbits of celestial, the horizon, various calendar systems.Abstract
Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, a preeminent scholar of the Islamic Golden Age, extensively studied and contributed to the development of calendar systems. His work was driven by a desire to reconcile the lunar and solar discrepancies across different cultural calendars. Al-Biruni explored intercalation methods used in Jewish and Persian calendars to align them more closely with solar years, showcasing his deep understanding of various timekeeping systems. He proposed reforms for the Islamic lunar calendar to improve its accuracy in tracking solar years, although these were not adopted. His efforts included compiling detailed comparisons and providing conversion methods between different calendars, such as those from India, Persia, and the Islamic world, facilitating a better understanding across cultures. Additionally, he developed precise astronomical tables that aided in predicting solar and lunar eclipses, crucial for maintaining the accuracy of calendars. Through his calculations, Al-Biruni refined the duration of the solar year and improved the overall precision of these calendar systems. His work not only advanced the scientific community's knowledge of astronomy and mathematics but also served as a bridge between disparate cultural practices in timekeeping.
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni
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